文殊蘭

學名：Crinum asiaticum.

科：石蒜科 Amaryllidaceae

Morphology of the plant：The underground stem forms a bulbous pseudo-bulb, and the leaves are strap-like and lanceolate with wavy edges, up to 1 meter long and 7 to 12 centimeters wide. The flowers are umbel-like inflorescences, with numerous fragrant petals; the flower stalks are erect and as long as the leaves. The flowers are white, with petals that resemble spiders and are reflexed. The stamens are pale red with yellow anthers. The fruit is a flat, spherical capsule containing large seeds.

Adapted to aquatic environments：

Manjusaka orchids are heat-resistant, drought-resistant, salt-tolerant, and shade-tolerant. They have spongy tissue that allows them to float on water surfaces and propagate via seawater dispersal.

Distribution：

Distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan Island, Sichuan within China, as well as in Taiwan, Republic of China. It is also one of the native species of Hong Kong. Additionally, it is found in India, the Ryukyu Islands, and Japan.

Ecology：

Commonly found in coastal areas, alongside river sands, and under the moist, shaded environment of mountain streams, Manjusaka orchids are now often cultivated as ornamental plants in gardens. They thrive in warm, humid climates with ample light but are sensitive to the harsh sunlight of summer. They prefer fertile, loose, humus-rich, well-drained sandy soils and tolerate saline-alkaline conditions. Propagation is commonly done through division and seeding.

Others：

The entire Manjusaka plant is toxic, with the bulbs being the most poisonous part. The plant contains several alkaloids, including lycorine and tazettine. Ingestion can cause vomiting, abdominal pain, initially constipation followed by severe diarrhea, irregular breathing, increased pulse, and a rise in body temperature. A large ingestion can lead to paralysis of the nervous system and death.